Key Findings

KEY FINDINGS

Over five rounds of data collection, Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq turned the Inter-Agency Standing Committee’s eight criteria for a durable solution into measurable indicators fielded in quantitative surveys. The findings highlighted below represent some of these key indicators. These findings generalize to the population of Iraqi IDP households who fled one of seven governorates of origin to Baghdad, Basra, Kirkuk, and Sulaymaniyah between January 2014 and December 2015 and who have remained in the same district of displacement since Round 1 of the study. More data, findings, and in-depth discussions of IDP households’ progress in accessing durable solutions can be found in yearly and topical thematic reports.

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Quotes from the qualitative interviews from the respective rounds illustrate the key quantitative findings in each criterium. Hover over numbers shaded with orange to read the quotes.

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Criteria 1: Safety and Security

Five years into their displacement, feelings of safety and security remain high among IDPs and they express that they can move freely.

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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Criteria 2: Standard of Living

77% of IDPs are now able to meet their basic needs, but 30% need to borrow money to do so.
In Round 5, more families are meeting basic needs by reducing food choices and other costs than ever before.
While majorities have consistently reported their standard of living is the same or better than that of other IDPs, Round 5 is the first time that a majority of households reports their standard of living to be the same or better than that of the host community.

* Includes access to housing, food and water, health care, and education

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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* Includes sending children to work, limiting medical care, selling assets and property, and other

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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Criteria 3: Livelihood and Employment

98% of IDP households report that they have a source of income, but instability remains: informal labor is more than double what it was pre-displacement and income from agriculture is almost non-existent.
The share of households receiving humanitarian aid, critical to the early years of displacement, has dropped to just 9%.

* Not shown: private job, pension, other, and no source. For more information, please see 'Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq: Unpacking the Policy Implications' (October 2020).

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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Criteria 4: Housing, Land and Property

85% of IDP households rent, either alone or with others.
58% still own property in their place of origin, but 59% say that property is destroyed or heavily damaged, thus making return extremely difficult.

* Includes hosted by others or in unfinished building, religious building, hotel, and school or other government building

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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Criteria 5: Personal and Other Documentation

Less than 7% report still having lost document, and 96% of those who lost documents have replaced all or some of them.

* Among those who reported having lost documents

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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Criteria 6: Family Separation and Reunification

Only 5% say they had family members separated for three months or more. Of households who experienced family separation, more than half indicate they have no plans to reunite.

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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Criteria 7: Participation in Public Affairs

56% of household heads voted in the 2018 Parliamentary Elections.
Among the 44% of household heads who did not vote, just over half said it was because they had no interest or faith in the political system.
Participation in non-family civic life such as clubs and groups is low throughout displacement.

* Data from Round 4

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018

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* Data from Round 4

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018

Download

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

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Criteria 8: Access to Justice

IDPs report that the most important aspect of achieving justice is the prosecution of criminals (53%).
Over time, the share of those applying for compensation from the government for their losses (almost entirely for housing, land, and property) has increased dramatically from just 3% in Round 1 to 59% in Round 5.

* Includes sending children to work, limiting medical care, selling assets and property, and other

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

Download

IOM Iraq and Georgetown University
Access to Durable Solutions Among IDPs in Iraq
Round 1: March-May 2016, Round 2: February-April 2017, Round 3: July-September 2017, Round 4: August-November 2018, Round 5: October 2019-January 2020

Download